@article{Halgamuge2009estimation,
author = {M. N. Halgamuge and M. Zukerman and K.
Ramamohanarao and H. L. Vu},
title = {An estimation of sensor energy consumption},
journal = {Electromagnetics Research B},
number = {12},
pages = {259-295},
year = {2009},
abstract = {A comprehensive energy model for wireless sensor
networks is provided by considering seven key energy consumption sources some of
which are ignored by currently available models. We demonstrate the importance
of using such a comprehensive model by comparing it to other existing energy
models in terms of the lifetime of a sensor node. We use our model to evaluate
energy consumption and node lifetime for a sensor network with fixed
configuration and we validate this evaluation by simulation. We show that
existing energy models over-estimate life expectancy of a sensor node by 30-58%
and also yield an "optimised" number of clusters which is too large. We further
make the following two observations: 1) the optimal number of clusters increases
with the increase of free space fading energy, 2) for sensor networks with 100
sensors over an area of 104-105 [m2], finding the optimal number of clusters
becomes less important when free space fading energy is very low (less than 1670
pJ/bit/m2), while for larger networks, on the other hand, cluster optimization
is still important even if free space fading energy is low. Guidelines for
efficient and reliable sensor network design as well as extension to a sensor
network with rotating cluster heads are provided.}
}